Linear Diophantine equations
This calculator solves linear diophantine equations.
As usual, here goes the calculator, and theory goes below it.
Since this is all about math, I copy some content from wikipedia for the start.
In mathematics, a Diophantine equation is a polynomial equation in two or more unknowns such that only the integer solutions are searched or studied (an integer solution is a solution such that all the unknowns take integer values). A linear Diophantine equation is an equation between two sums of monomials of degree zero or one.
The simplest linear Diophantine equation takes the form
,
where a, b and c are given integers, x, y — unknowns.
The solutions are completely described by the following theorem: This Diophantine equation has a solution (where x and y are integers) if and only if c is a multiple of the greatest common divisor of a and b. Moreover, if (x, y) is a solution, then the other solutions have the form (x + kv, y - ku), where k is an arbitrary integer, and u and v are the quotients of a and b (respectively) by the greatest common divisor of a and b.
To find the solution one can use Extended Euclidean algorithm (except for a = b = 0 where either there are unlimited number of solutions or none).
If a and b are positive integers, we can find their GCD g using Extended Euclidean algorithm, along with и
, so:
.
If c is a multiple of g, the Diophantine equation has solution, otherwise, there is no solution.
That is, if c is a multiple of g, then
and one of the possible solutions is:
If either a or b is negative, we can solve equation using it's modulus, then change sign accordingly.
If we know one of the solutions, we can find their general form.
Let g = GCD(a,b), and we have:
.
By adding to
and subtracting
from
, we get:
So, any numbers like these:
,
where k is integer, are the solutions of Linear Diophantine equation.
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